Editor's note
International Internet Magazine. Baltic States news & analytics
Thursday, 28.03.2024, 16:54
Facing G-20 meeting: the EU’s place in the world
The
newest 2016 edition of the Eurostat publication “The EU in the world” compares the European Union with the 15 non-EU G-20 countries across
thirteen statistical fields using a range of European and international
statistics. The fields cover population, living conditions, health, education
& training, labour market, economy & finance, trade, industry &
services, research & communication, transport, agriculture, environment and
energy.
The
G-20 comprises the world’s major advanced and emerging economies. It includes the EU as a legal entity, four EU states (Germany, France, Italy
and the United Kingdom) and 15 countries
from the rest of the world (Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, India,
Indonesia, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea,
Turkey and the United States). Thus, the G-20 composition looks as 1+4+15!
General overview
The EU share in the world’s GDP (2014) stays at 23.8%; the share of other G-20 members - 61.4% and for countries of the rest of the world - 14.8%. Together the members of the G-20
covered over 61% of the world’s land area, were home to 64% of the world
population and generated 85% of the global GDP in 2014.
With
509 million inhabitants in 2015, the EU
accounted for just below 7% of the world population (the
latter is presently 7.3 billion inhabitants).
China
- 1 376
million
inhabitants or 18.7% of the world population and India (1 311
mn or 17.8%) were more populous, while the United States (322 mn or
4.4%), Indonesia (258 mn or 3.5%) and Brazil (208 mn or 2.8%)
accounted for a lower share of the world population than the EU. Thus in
global population: EU - 6.9%; other
G-20 members - 57.0% and the rest of
the world - 36.1%;
Fertility
rate among G-20 members and the EU
The
average number of births per woman in the EU stood at 1.5 in 2013. It
was the third lowest rate among G-20
members surpassing only South Korea (1.2) and Japan (1.4). The
highest fertility rates were registered in Saudi Arabia (2.8), Indonesia
and India (both 2.5).
The
world average is 2.5 births per women.
Old
age dependency, measured as the ratio of the number of older persons (aged 65
and over) to the number of persons of working age (from 15 to 64), was by far
the highest in 2014 in Japan (41.9%), followed by the EU (28.1%),
Canada (23.0%), Australia (22.1%) and the United States (21.6%).
The old age dependency ratio in these countries is well above the world average
(12.3%).
In
2015, the G-20 countries with the highest share
of foreign-born population were Saudi Arabia (32.3% of the
population), Australia (28.2%), Canada (21.8%) and the United
States (14.5%).
As
to the EU almost 7% (6.8%) of the EU
population were born outside the EU, also above the world
average of 3.3%. In contrast, less than 1% of the population was foreign-born
in Indonesia (less than 0.05%), China (0.1%), Brazil (0.3%)
and Mexico (0.9%).
The
EU is the largest contributor to world GDP
Compared
to the EU’s share in the global GDP of 23.8%,
the United States has had 22.2%,
China - 13.4% and Japan - 5.9%. Together, these four
entities accounted for almost two-thirds of world GDP.
The
EU was a very significant trade
partner for Russia and Turkey, with 45.1% of Russian and
43.5% of Turkish exports going to the EU in 2014, while the
shares of Russia and Turkey in total EU exports were 6.1%
and 4.4% respectively.
Looking
at the EU's two largest trading partners in absolute terms, 17.1% of US
and 15.8% of Chinese exports went to the EU, while the shares
of the United States and China in total EU exports were
18.3% and 9.7% respectively.
The
EU among the G-20 leaders for renewable energy
With
28.5% of gross electricity generated from renewables and waste, the EU was
among the top G-20 members for renewable energy, with only Brazil (76.8%),
Canada (62.8%) and Turkey (28.9%) having higher proportions.
In
research and development, South Korea (4.15%), Japan (3.47%), the
United States (2.81%) and Australia (2.25%) had higher shares of
R&D expenditure relative to GDP than that of the EU (2.03%).
Reference:
http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_STAT-16-2941_en.htm?locale=en