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Thursday, 19.04.2018, 16:12
Expenditure on research and development decreased in 2016 in Estonia

38% of R&D expenditure came from the State Budget
in 2016. The government has been funding a substantial share of R&D
spending and this has remained stable for the past five years. In 2016,
compared to 2015, the share of public funds in R&D expenditure decreased.
The financing of R&D in Estonia depends to a large extent on the finances
granted under the Structural Funds, which are included in the State Budget, and
are therefore counted as government allocations. The year 2016 was an interim
year – one financing period of the Structural Funds had just ended and the new
period had not started yet.
Last year, 52% of R&D expenditure came from the
business enterprise sector. Total R&D expenditure in the business
enterprise sector was 139 million euros, from which 5% was received from the
State Budget. The share of government funding in the R&D expenditure of the
business enterprise sector has declined by almost a half over the past five
years. In 2016, by economic activity, the share of government funding was the
largest in professional, scientific and technical activities, as well as in
construction (incl. road construction). 11 million euros of the R&D
expenditure of the business enterprise sector originated from foreign sources.
Labour costs accounted for 62% of the R&D expenditure of the business
enterprise sector. The share of investments in the R&D expenditure was 13%.
Public financing of research and development, 2006–2016 |
||
Year |
Expenditure on research and development, million euros |
% from
general government expenditure |
2006 |
67.3 |
1.48 |
2007 |
79.3 |
1.43 |
2008 |
104.1 |
1.59 |
2009 |
96.4 |
1.48 |
2010 |
102.8 |
1.72 |
2011 |
125.9 |
2.02 |
2012 |
145.8 |
2.07 |
2013 |
154.0 |
2.11 |
2014 |
141.8 |
1.87 |
2015 |
140.4 |
1.72 |
2016 |
101.6 |
1.19 |
In 2016, the decline in the total R&D expenditure
came from the non-profit institutional sector (higher education, government and
non-profit private sector), where the R&D expenditure declined 20% compared
with the previous year. As in the business enterprise sector, labour costs
accounted for the greatest share of R&D expenditure also in the non-profit
institutional sector (57%). The share of investments was 3%.
The share of R&D expenditure in gross domestic
product (GDP) amounted to 1.28% in 2016. According to Eurostat’s preliminary
data, with this R&D indicator, Estonia retained its intermediate position
among the EU Member States, although Estonia has moved away from the EU average
quite a lot over the past four years.
In 2016, the number of persons employed in R&D
calculated in full-time equivalents was 5,772, which is 2% more than the year
before. The number of researchers and engineers calculated in full-time
equivalents was 4,338, which is 3.6% more than in 2015. The increase in the
number of full-time researchers and engineers came from the business enterprise
sector, where this figure increased 14% compared to 2015. In the non-profit
institutional sector, the number of researchers and engineers calculated in
full-time equivalents declined by 0.5% over a year. In 2016, females accounted
for 45% of the persons employed in R&D, and 41% of researchers and
engineers.
For the statistical activity “Research and
development”, the main representative of public interest is the Ministry of
Education and Research, commissioned by whom Statistics Estonia collects and
analyses the data necessary for performing this statistical activity.
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